Percival Hill died in 1925, and by 1930 American Tobacco was again doing all of its own leaf purchasing, while Universal Leaf had forged a new alliance with Philip Morris that would prove to be of long duration. Within eight years, Universal became the largest independent tobacco dealer in the world, a status it has maintained. Together, Universal Leaf's subsidiaries and affiliates bought 100 million pounds of tobacco in the company's first year of existence, or nearly 10 percent of national production-an extraordinary figure for any industrial newcomer. To this foundation, Yuille and Hill added 13 other local dealers, six from other states, and storage and shipping facilities in New York City. Taylor Company, a prosperous dealer in the rich tobacco lands of Virginia and North Carolina formed by Jaquelin Plummer Taylor. Yuille, resigned from American Tobacco and gained control of J.P. The company's nucleus had been formed in 1916, when Hill's vice-president of leaf purchasing, Thomas B. Hill, was instrumental in the creation of a second, competing organization of leaf dealers, Universal Leaf Tobacco Company. One of International Planters' largest clients was the new American Tobacco, whose president, Percival S. The renewed vigor among the leaf dealers culminated in the 1916 establishment of the International Planters Corporation, a nationwide organization of dealers that was apparently powerful enough to maintain somewhat firmer prices to its large manufacturing customers. Reynolds, Liggett & Myers, Lorillard, and a smaller American Tobacco Company-continued to dominate the leaf markets, the overall growth in tobacco consumption in the United States left room for a limited number of independent dealers to prosper throughout the 1910s. Although the successor companies to the tobacco trust-R.J. By that time, what dealers remained had combined into larger and more effective organizations that were able to capitalize on the sharp rise in demand for tobacco then beginning. Under the pressure of American Tobacco's overwhelming presence in the market, the number of independent leaf dealers dwindled until the dissolution of the trust in 1911. tobacco manufacturers, and it was not long before American Tobacco took steps to circumvent the tobacco leaf dealers by buying its product directly from farmers at auction. Duke's trust controlled all of the large U.S. As intermediaries between growers and manufacturers of tobacco products, leaf dealers achieved a position of some power prior to the formation in 1889 of The American Tobacco Company, the so-called tobacco trust of James B. Historically, tobacco buying in the United States was conducted at auctions held throughout the prime growing areas in North Carolina, Kentucky, Virginia, and other states-during 2001, this was changed to a contract leaf purchasing system. It distributes lumber and building products in the Netherlands and Belgium. Universal also buys, ships, processes, and distributes agri-products including tea, rubber, sunflower seeds, nuts, dried fruit, and canned and frozen foods. The firm's tobacco operations account for over 65 percent of company revenues. Sales from the company's largest customer, Philip Morris Companies Inc., accounted for just over 10 percent of consolidated revenues in 2001. The company sells this tobacco to tobacco product manufacturers. Universal selects, buys, ships, processes, packs, stores, and finances leaf tobacco in tobacco growing regions. Universal Corporation, known until 1987 as Universal Leaf Tobacco Company Inc., operates as the world's largest buyer and processor of leaf tobacco in nearly 40 countries across the globe.
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